Ingxaki yokuthengwa kwezinto kwihlabathi liphela phantsi kobhubhane izise inani elikhulu lee-odolo zokubuyisela impahla kwishishini lempahla yaseTshayina.

Idatha evela kwi-General Administration of Customs ibonisa ukuba ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwempahla kunye nempahla zelaphu kuzwelonke kuya kuba yi-315.47 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika (olu didi alubandakanyi oomatrasi, iingxowa zokulala kunye nezinye izinto zokulala), ukunyuka kwe-8.4% unyaka nonyaka, irekhodi eliphezulu.

Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eTshayina kwamanye amazwe kunyuke nge-33 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zaseMelika (malunga ne-209.9 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi) ukuya kwi-170.26 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zaseMelika, ukunyuka konyaka nge-24%, ukwanda okukhulu kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. Ngaphambi koko, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eTshayina kwamanye amazwe bekuhla unyaka nonyaka njengoko ishishini lempahla litshintshela kwi-Southeast Asia enexabiso eliphantsi nakwezinye iindawo.

Kodwa eneneni, iTshayina isengumvelisi omkhulu wempahla ngelaphu nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Ngexesha lobhubhane, iTshayina, njengeyona ndawo iphambili kushishino lwempahla ngelaphu neleempahla kwihlabathi, inokuqina okunamandla kunye neenzuzo ezibanzi, kwaye idlale indima ka "Ding Hai Shen Zhen".

Idatha yexabiso lempahla yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo ibonisa ukuba isantya sokukhula ngo-2021 sibaluleke kakhulu, sibonisa ukukhula okukhawulezileyo okungafaniyo.

Ngowama-2021, ii-odolo zempahla zangaphandle ziya kubuyela kwi-yuan engaphezulu kwe-200 yeebhiliyoni. Ngokwedatha ye-National Bureau of Statistics, ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba ka-2021, imveliso yoshishino lwempahla iya kuba ziibhiliyoni ezingama-21.3, ukunyuka kwe-8.5% unyaka nonyaka, oko kuthetha ukuba ii-odolo zempahla zangaphandle zinyuke malunga nonyaka omnye. Iibhiliyoni ezili-1.7.

Ngenxa yeengenelo zale nkqubo, ngexesha lobhubhane, iTshayina yalawula ubhubhane omtsha we-crown pneumonia kwangethuba nangcono, kwaye uthotho lwemizi-mveliso lwabuya lwaphila. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ubhubhane oluphindaphindeneyo kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia nakwezinye iindawo lwachaphazela imveliso, nto leyo eyenza abathengi eYurophu, eMelika, eJapan naseMzantsi-mpuma Asia bafake ii-odolo ngokuthe ngqo. Okanye badluliselwe ngokungathanga ngqo kumashishini aseTshayina, nto leyo ebuyisela amandla okuvelisa impahla.

Ngokuphathelele amazwe athumela impahla kwamanye amazwe, ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eTshayina kwiimarike ezintathu eziphambili zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe zase-United States, i-European Union kunye ne-Japan kuya kunyuka ngama-36.7%, ama-21.9% kunye nama-6.3% ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eMzantsi Korea nase-Australia kuya kunyuka ngama-22.9% kunye nama-29.5% ngokwahlukeneyo.

Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, ishishini laseTshayina leempahla kunye nelempahla linezibonelelo ezicacileyo zokhuphiswano. Alinazo nje kuphela ikhonkco elipheleleyo lemizi-mveliso, inqanaba eliphezulu leendawo zokucubungula, kodwa likwanamaqela amaninzi emizi-mveliso aphuhlileyo.

I-CCTV ibike ngaphambili ukuba amashishini amaninzi eempahla zelaphu eIndiya, ePakistan nakwamanye amazwe akanakuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhanjiswa okuqhubekayo, abathengisi baseYurophu naseMelika badlulisele inani elikhulu lee-odolo eTshayina ukuze zenziwe.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqala kwakhona komsebenzi kunye nemveliso eMzantsi-mpuma Asia nakwamanye amazwe, ii-odolo ezazibuyiselwe eTshayina ngaphambili ziqalile ukubuyiselwa eMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ngoDisemba ka-2021, ukuthunyelwa kweempahla zaseVietnam kwihlabathi liphela kunyuke ngama-50% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eMelika kunyuke ngama-66.6%.

Ngokutsho kweBangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA), ngoDisemba ka-2021, ukuthunyelwa kweempahla zelizwe kunyuke malunga ne-52% unyaka nonyaka ukuya kwi-3.8 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Nangona iifektri zivaliwe ngenxa yobhubhane, uqhankqalazo kunye nezinye izizathu, ukuthunyelwa kweempahla zeBangladesh ngo-2021 kusaza kunyuka ngama-30%.