Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, u-Nguyen Jinchang, usekela-sihlalo we-Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association, wathi i-2020 ngunyaka wokuqala wokuthunyelwa kwempahla yaseVietnam kunye neengubo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ziye zafumana ukukhula okungalunganga kwe-10.5% kwiminyaka engama-25.Umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kuphela ziibhiliyoni ezingama-35 zeedola zaseMelika, ukuhla kweebhiliyoni ezi-4 zeedola zaseMelika ukusuka kwi-39 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2019. Nangona kunjalo, kumxholo worhwebo lwehlabathi olulukiweyo kunye nempahla yokuthengisa umthamo wentengiso wehla ukusuka kwi-740 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwi-600 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. , ukuhla ngokubanzi kwe-22%, ukuhla komntu ngamnye okhuphisanayo ngokubanzi ngu-15% -20%, kwaye abanye baye behla kakhulu njenge-30% ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo wokuzihlukanisa., Impahla yaseVietnam kunye neempahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle azizange ziwe kakhulu.

Ngenxa yokungabikho kokwahlulwa kunye nokunqunyanyiswa kwemveliso ngo-2020, iVietnam iphakathi kwabahlanu abaphezulu bempahla kunye nabathumela iimpahla ngaphandle elizweni.Esi sesona sizathu sibalulekileyo sokunceda iimpahla zaseVietnam ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye neempahla ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ukuba zihlale kwindawo ezi-5 eziphuma kumazwe angaphandle ngaphandle kokuhla okuqatha kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle.

Kwingxelo kaMcKenzy (mc kenzy) epapashwe nge-4 kaDisemba, kwachazwa ukuba inzuzo yeshishini lehlabathi jikelele lempahla kunye nempahla iya kucutheka nge-93% ngo-2020. ziye zatshona, kwaye uthungelwano lwempahla yelizwe lumalunga nama-20%.Abantu abangamawaka alishumi abaphangeli.Ngelo xesha, ngenxa yokuba imveliso ayizange iphazamiseke, isabelo semarike yempahla yaseVietnam kunye neengubo ziyaqhubeka zikhula, zifikelela kwinqanaba le-20% yesabelo semarike yase-US okokuqala, kwaye ithathe indawo yokuqala kwiinyanga ezininzi. .

Ngokungena ekusebenzeni kwe-13 izivumelwano zokurhweba ngokukhululekile, kuquka i-EVFTA, nangona yayinganelanga ukwenza ukwehla, nabo badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni imiyalelo.

Ngokoqikelelo, imakethi yelaphu kunye nempahla inokubuyela kumanqanaba ka-2019 kwangoko kwikota yesibini ka-2022 kunye nekota yesine ka-2023 mva nje.Ke ngoko, ngo-2021, ukubanjiswa kulo bhubhani kuya kuhlala kungunyaka onzima kwaye ungaqinisekanga.Iimpawu ezininzi ezitsha zekhonkco lobonelelo ziye zavela, zinyanzela iinkampani ezilukiweyo kunye nempahla ukuba ziqhelane nazo.

Eyokuqala kukuba amaza okunciphisa amaxabiso azalise imarike, kwaye iimveliso ezineendlela ezilula zithathe indawo yefashoni.Oku kukwakhokelele kumthamo ongaphezulu kwelinye icala, kunye nokungonelanga kwezakhono ezitsha kwelinye icala, ukwandisa ukuthengiswa kwe-intanethi kunye nokunciphisa amakhonkco aphakathi.

Ngokujonga ezi mpawu zentengiso, eyona njongo iphezulu yoshishino lwempahla yaseVietnam kunye nempahla ngo-2021 ziibhiliyoni ezingama-39 zeedola zaseMelika, eziziinyanga ezisi-9 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 ngokukhawuleza kunentengiso jikelele.Xa kuthelekiswa nosukelo oluphezulu, ekujoliswe kuko jikelele ziidola ezingama-38 eebhiliyoni zeedola ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, kuba ishishini lamalaphu nempahla lisafuna inkxaso karhulumente malunga nokuzinzisa uqoqosho olukhulu, umgaqo-mali, kunye nenzala.

NgoDisemba i-30, ngokutsho kwe-Arhente yeNdaba yaseVietnam, abameli abagunyazisiweyo (abanozakuzaku) baseVietnam kunye noorhulumente baseBritane basayine ngokusemthethweni iSivumelwano se-Vietnam-UK Free Trade Agreement (UKVFTA) eLondon, e-UK.　　Ngaphambili, nge-11 kaDisemba, i-2020, uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye noRhwebo waseVietnam u-Chen Junying kunye noNobhala waseBritani wezoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe uLiz Truss batyikitye imemorandam yokuqonda ukugqiba uthethathethwano lwesivumelwano se-UKVFTA, ebeka isiseko seenkqubo zomthetho eziyimfuneko zokusesikweni. ukutyikitywa kwala mazwe mabini.

Okwangoku, la maqela mabini angxamele ukugqiba iinkqubo zasekhaya ezifanelekileyo ngokuthobela imithetho nemimiselo yamazwe awo, eqinisekisa ukuba isivumelwano siya kuphunyezwa ngoko nangoko ukusuka nge-23:00 nge-31 kaDisemba ka-2020.

Kumxholo wokurhoxa ngokusemthethweni kwe-UK kwi-EU kunye nokuphela kwexesha lokutshintsha emva kokuphuma kwe-EU (ngoDisemba 31, 2020), ukusayinwa kwesivumelwano se-UKVFTA kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba urhwebo phakathi kweVietnam kunye ne-UK aluyi kuphazanyiswa. emva kokuphela kwexesha lotshintsho.

Isivumelwano se-UKVFTA asivuli nje kuphela urhwebo kwimpahla kunye neenkonzo, kodwa sidibanisa nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nokukhula okuluhlaza kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.

I-UK liqabane lesithathu elikhulu leVietnam kwezorhwebo eYurophu.Ngokwezibalo ezivela kuLawulo Jikelele lweCustoms yaseVietnam, ngo-2019, ixabiso lilonke lokungeniswa ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle phakathi kwala mazwe mabini lifikelele kwi-6.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, apho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwi-5.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika kunye nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwafikelela kwi-857 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika.Ngexesha elisuka kowama-2011 ukuya kowama-2019, umndilili wokukhula wonyaka wenani elipheleleyo lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuthunyelwa kwelizwe lase-Vietnam ne-Bhritane laliyi-12.1%, elaliphezulu kune-avareji yomndilili wonyaka we-10%.

Iimveliso eziphambili zeVietnam ezithumela ngaphandle kwe-UK zibandakanya iifowuni eziphathwayo kunye neendawo zazo ezisecaleni, iingubo kunye nempahla, izicathulo, iimveliso zasemanzini, iimveliso zemithi kunye nemithi, iikhomputha kunye neengxenye, i-cashew nuts, ikofu, ipepper, njl njl. oomatshini, izixhobo, amayeza, intsimbi, kunye neekhemikhali.Izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nezo zithunyelwa ngaphandle phakathi kwala mazwe mabini ziyaphelelisana kunokuba zibe nokhuphiswano.

Ukuthengiswa kwempahla yaseBritani yonyaka iyonke phantse i-US$700 yeebhiliyoni, kwaye i-Vietnam iyonke yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwi-akhawunti yase-UK kuphela yi-1%.Ke ngoko, kusekho indawo eninzi yeemveliso zaseVietnam ezinokukhula kwimarike yase-UK.

Emva kweBrexit, izibonelelo eziziswa yi "Vietnam-EU Free Trade Agreement" (EVFTA) aziyi kusebenza kwimarike yase-UK.Ngoko ke, ukusayina isivumelwano sorhwebo olukhululekileyo lwamazwe amabini kuya kudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhuthaza uhlaziyo, ukuvulwa kweemarike kunye nemisebenzi yokuququzelela urhwebo ngesiseko sokuzuza njengelifa iziphumo ezilungileyo zothethathethwano lwe-EVFTA.

UMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye noRhwebo lwaseVietnam uthe ezinye izinto ezithengiswayo ezinokukhula ngaphandle kwelizwe kwimarike yase-UK ziquka iingubo kunye nempahla.Ngo-2019, i-UK ikakhulu ingenisa iimpahla ezilukiweyo kunye neempahla ezivela eVietnam.Nangona iChina inesona sabelo sikhulu semakethi kwimarike yase-UK, ukuthunyelwa kwelaphu kunye nempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle e-UK yehle nge-8% kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo.Ukongeza eTshayina, iBangladesh, iKhambodiya kunye nePakistan nazo zithumela iimpahla ezilukiweyo kunye nempahla e-UK.La mazwe anenzuzo ngaphezu kweVietnam ngokwemilinganiselo yerhafu.Ke ngoko, isivumelwano sokurhweba ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kweVietnam kunye ne-United Kingdom siya kuzisa iirhafu ezikhethekileyo, eziza kunceda iimpahla zaseVietnam zibe nenzuzo yokukhuphisana nabanye abakhuphisana nabo.