Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, uNguyen Jinchang, usekela-sihlalo weVietnam Textile and Apparel Association, uthe u-2020 ngunyaka wokuqala apho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwempahla zelaphu nempahla eVietnam kuye kwakhula kakubi nge-10.5% kwiminyaka engama-25. Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yi-35 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika kuphela, ukwehla kwe-4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ukusuka kwi-39 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2019. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yomthamo wezorhwebo wehlabathi jikelele wempahla zelaphu nempahla ukwehla ukusuka kwi-US $740 yeebhiliyoni ukuya kwi-US $600 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, ukwehla ngokubanzi kwe-22%, ukwehla komncintisani ngamnye ngokubanzi yi-15%-20%, kwaye abanye bade behla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo wokuzahlula. , ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwempahla zelaphu nempahla eVietnam akwehlanga kangako.

Ngenxa yokungabikho kokuhlukaniswa kunye nokumiswa kwemveliso ngo-2020, iVietnam iphakathi kwabathengisi bempahla abaphambili aba-5 kwihlabathi liphela. Esi sisizathu esibalulekileyo sokunceda ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kunye neempahla eVietnam ukuba zihlale zikwiindawo ezi-5 eziphambili zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle nangona ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwehla kakhulu.

Kwingxelo kaMcKenzy (mc kenzy) eyapapashwa ngoDisemba 4, kwachazwa ukuba inzuzo yeshishini lempahla yelaphu neleempahla kwihlabathi liphela iya kuncipha ngama-93% ngo-2020. Ngaphezulu kwe-10 iimpawu zempahla ezaziwayo kunye neekhonkco zokubonelela eMelika ziye zawa, kwaye uthotho lwempahla yelizwe lumalunga nama-20%. Abantu abangama-10 amawaka abaphangeli. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuba imveliso ayizange iphazamiseke, isabelo semarike yempahla yelaphu neleempahla zaseVietnam siyaqhubeka nokukhula, sifikelela kwinqanaba lama-20% lesabelo semarike sase-US okokuqala, kwaye sithathe indawo yokuqala kangangeenyanga ezininzi.

Ekubeni izivumelwano zorhwebo olukhululekileyo ezili-13 ziqale ukusebenza, kuquka ne-EVFTA, nangona zazinganelanga ukuhlawula ukwehla, zikwadlale indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ii-odolo.

Ngokwezibikezelo, imakethi yempahla zelaphu neleempahla ingabuyela kumanqanaba ka-2019 kwangoko kwikota yesibini ka-2022 nakwikota yesine ka-2023 kutshanje. Ke ngoko, ngo-2021, ukubanjwa yibhubhane kuya kuba ngunyaka onzima nongaqinisekanga. Iimpawu ezininzi ezintsha zekhonkco lokubonelela ziye zavela, nto leyo enyanzelisa iinkampani zelaphu neleempahla ukuba zilungelelanise ngaphandle kokwenza nantoni na.

Okokuqala kukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuzalise imarike, kwaye iimveliso ezinesitayile esilula zithathe indawo yefashoni. Oku kukwakhokelele ekubeni kubekho umthamo omkhulu kwelinye icala, kunye nokungonelanga kwezakhono ezintsha kwelinye icala, okwandisa intengiso kwi-intanethi kunye nokunciphisa amakhonkco aphakathi.

Ngenxa yezi mpawu zemarike, eyona njongo iphambili kushishino lwempahla zelaphu nempahla eVietnam ngo-2021 yi-39 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, nto leyo ekhawuleza ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-9 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 kunemarike ngokubanzi. Xa kuthelekiswa nomgomo ophezulu, injongo iyonke yi-38 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe, kuba ishishini lempahla zelaphu nempahla lisafuna inkxaso karhulumente ngokubhekiselele ekuzinziseni uqoqosho olukhulu, umgaqo-nkqubo wemali, kunye namazinga enzala.

Ngomhla wama-30 kweyoMnga, ngokutsho kwe-Vietnam News Agency, abameli abagunyazisiweyo (abameli) boorhulumente baseVietnam naseBritane batyikitya ngokusesikweni iSivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululekileyo saseVietnam-UK (i-UKVFTA) eLondon, e-UK.　　Ngaphambili, nge-11 kaDisemba 2020, uMphathiswa wezoShishino noRhwebo waseVietnam uChen Junying kunye noNobhala waseBritane wezoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe uLiz Truss batyikitye isivumelwano sokuqondana ukuze kugqitywe ingxoxo yesivumelwano se-UKVFTA, bebeka isiseko seenkqubo zomthetho ezifunekayo zokutyikitywa ngokusesikweni kwala mazwe mabini.

Okwangoku, la maqela mabini angxamele ukugqiba iinkqubo zasekhaya ezifanelekileyo ngokuhambelana nemithetho nemigaqo yamazwe abo, eqinisekisa ukuba isivumelwano siza kuphunyezwa ngoko nangoko ukususela ngentsimbi ye-23:00 ngoDisemba 31, 2020.

Kwimeko yokurhoxa kwe-UK kwi-EU ngokusesikweni kunye nokuphela kwexesha lotshintsho emva kokuphuma kwe-EU (nge-31 kaDisemba 2020), ukutyikitywa kwesivumelwano se-UKVFTA kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba urhwebo phakathi kweVietnam ne-UK aluyi kuphazanyiswa emva kokuphela kwexesha lotshintsho.

Isivumelwano se-UKVFTA asivuli nje kuphela urhwebo lweempahla kunye neenkonzo, kodwa sikwabandakanya nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngokukhula okuluhlaza kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.

I-UK liqabane lesithathu ngobukhulu kwezorhwebo eVietnam eYurophu. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwi-General Administration of Customs of Vietnam, ngo-2019, ixabiso lilonke lokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe phakathi kwala mazwe mabini lifikelele kwi-6.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, apho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwi-5.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwi-857 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika. Ngexesha elisusela ngo-2011 ukuya ku-2019, izinga lokukhula ngonyaka eliphakathi kwenani lilonke lokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eVietnam naseBritane yayiyi-12.1%, elingaphezulu kunezinga lonyaka eliphakathi laseVietnam eliyi-10%.

Iimveliso eziphambili ezithunyelwa yiVietnam e-UK ziquka iifowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezixhobo zazo ezingasetyenziswayo, amalaphu kunye neempahla, izihlangu, iimveliso zasemanzini, iimveliso zomthi kunye neenkuni, iikhompyutha kunye neenxalenye, amantongomane e-cashew, ikofu, ipepile, njl. Izinto ezithunyelwa yiVietnam ezivela e-UK ziquka oomatshini, izixhobo, amayeza, intsimbi, kunye neekhemikhali. Ukungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe phakathi kwala mazwe mabini kuyahambelana kunokuba kukhuphisane.

Iimpahla zaseBritane ezithunyelwa ngonyaka zifikelela phantse kwi-US$700 yeebhiliyoni, kwaye iyonke impahla ethunyelwa e-UK yiVietnam ithatha i-1% kuphela. Ke ngoko, kusekho indawo enkulu yokuba iimveliso zaseVietnam zikhule kwimarike yase-UK.

Emva kweBrexit, iingenelo eziza ne-"Vietnam-EU Free Trade Agreement" (EVFTA) aziyi kusebenza kwimarike yase-UK. Ke ngoko, ukutyikitya isivumelwano sorhwebo olukhululekileyo oluphakathi kwamazwe amabini kuya kudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhuthaza utshintsho, ukuvula iimarike kunye nemisebenzi yokuncedisa urhwebo ngokusekelwe ekuzuzeni iziphumo ezilungileyo zeengxoxo ze-EVFTA.

UMphathiswa WezoShishino Norhwebo waseVietnam uthe ezinye iimpahla ezinokuthi zikhule ngaphandle kwimarike yase-UK ziquka impahla yokunxiba nempahla. Ngo-2019, i-UK ingenisa impahla yokunxiba nempahla evela eVietnam. Nangona iTshayina inesabelo esikhulu kwimarike yase-UK, impahla yokunxiba nempahla ethunyelwa e-UK yehle nge-8% kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo. Ukongeza kwiTshayina, iBangladesh, iCambodia nePakistan nazo zithumela impahla yokunxiba nempahla e-UK. La mazwe anethuba elingcono kuneVietnam ngokweerhafu zerhafu. Ke ngoko, isivumelwano sorhwebo olukhululekileyo phakathi kweVietnam ne-United Kingdom siza kuzisa iirhafu ezikhethekileyo, eziya kunceda iimpahla zaseVietnam zibe nethuba lokukhuphisana nabanye abakhuphisana nabo.