Kwikota ezintathu zokuqala zowama-2020, emva kokubona impembelelo enzima yongquzulwano lwezoqoqosho norhwebo phakathi kwe-Sino-US kunye nobhubhane we-crown pneumonia omtsha wehlabathi, izinga lokukhula koqoqosho lwaseTshayina litshintshe ukusuka ekwehleni ukuya ekwandeni, imisebenzi yezoqoqosho iqhubekile nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, ukusetyenziswa kunye notyalo-mali kuye kwazinza kwaye kwabuya kwakhona, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwabuya kwakhona ngaphaya kokulindelekileyo. Ishishini lempahla Izalathisi eziphambili zokusebenza koqoqosho ziyaphucuka kancinci kancinci, zibonisa indlela enyuka kancinci kancinci. Phantsi kwale meko, ukusebenza ngokubanzi kweshishini loomatshini belaphu kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala kuye kwabuya kwakhona kancinci kancinci, kwaye ukwehla kwezalathisi zokusebenza koqoqosho kweshishini kuye kwancipha ngakumbi. Iqhutywa zizixhobo zelaphu ezisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ubhubhane, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, imakethi yehlabathi ayikaphumi ngokupheleleyo kwisitya esibangelwe yibhubhane, kwaye uxinzelelo olupheleleyo kwimveliso kunye nokusebenza kweshishini loomatshini belaphu alukapheli.

Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuSeptemba 2020, iindleko zizonke zamashishini oomatshini belaphu ezingaphezulu kobukhulu obumiselweyo beziyi-43.77 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukwehla kwe-15.7% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.

Uphando lwamashishini aphambili

I-China Textile Machinery Association yenze uphando kwiinkampani eziphambili zoomatshini belaphu ezingama-95 kwiimeko zazo zokusebenza kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala zika-2020. Ngokweziphumo zesishwankathelo, iimeko zokusebenza kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala ziphucukile xa kuthelekiswa nesiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka. Ingeniso yokusebenza yama-50% amashishini iye yehla ukuya kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwawo, i-11.83% yamashishini anee-odolo ezihlileyo ngaphezulu kwama-50%, kwaye amaxabiso eemveliso zoomatshini belaphu ngokubanzi azinzile kwaye ehla. Ama-41.76% amashishini anempahla efanayo neyonyaka ophelileyo, kwaye ama-46.15% esantya sokusetyenziswa kwamandla amashishini angaphezulu kwama-80%. Okwangoku, iinkampani zikholelwa ukuba iingxaki ezijongene nazo zigxile kakhulu kwiimarike zasekhaya nezangaphandle ezinganeleyo, uxinzelelo oluvela kwiindleko ezikhulayo, kunye neendlela zokuthengisa ezivaliweyo. Iinkampani zokuluka, ukuluka, ifayibha yamakhemikhali kunye noomatshini abangalukwanga zilindele ukuba ii-odolo kwikota yesine ziphucuke xa kuthelekiswa nekota yesithathu. Kwimeko yeshishini loomatshini belaphu kwikota yesine ka-2020, ama-42.47% eenkampani eziphandweyo azikabi nathemba kangako.

Imeko yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle

Ngokwezibalo zerhafu, isimbuku esipheleleyo sokungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwezixhobo zelaphu zelizwe lam ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuSeptemba 2020 yayiyi-US $5.382 yeebhiliyoni, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka kwe-0.93%. Phakathi kwazo: ukungeniswa kwezixhobo zelaphu yayiyi-US $2.050 yeebhiliyoni, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka kwe-20.89%; ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yayiyi-US $3.333 yeebhiliyoni, ukunyuka konyaka nonyaka kwe-17.26%.

Oomatshini bokunitha

Kwikota ezintathu zokuqala zowama-2020, ngokubuyiselwa koqoqosho lwasekhaya, phakathi kweentlobo ezintathu zoomatshini bokuluka, amashishini oomatshini bokuluka ajikelezayo kunye noomatshini bokuluka abajikelezayo ayaphucuka kancinci kancinci, kodwa ishishini loomatshini bokuluka oluthe tyaba lisajongene noxinzelelo olukhulu oluphantsi. Ishishini loomatshini bokuluka olujikelezayo libonise umkhwa wokunyuka kancinci kancinci kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala. Kwikota yokuqala, iinkampani zoomatshini bokuluka olujikelezayo zachaphazeleka ngubhubhane omtsha we-crown, zigxile kakhulu kwiiodolo ngaphambi kokuveliswa, kwaye intengiso iyonke yehla; kwikota yesibini, njengoko umkhwa wokuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane lwasekhaya uphucukile, imakethi yoomatshini bokuluka olujikelezayo yabuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, phakathi kwazo oomatshini bokuluka abacociweyo Ukusebenza kwemodeli kuyamangalisa; ukusukela kwikota yesithathu, ngokubuya kweeodolo zokuluka kwamanye amazwe, ezinye iinkampani kushishino loomatshini bokuluka olujikelezayo ziye zagqithiswa kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwi-Text Machinery Association, ukuthengiswa koomatshini bokuluka olujikelezayo kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala zowama-2020 kunyuke nge-7% unyaka nonyaka.

Imbono yoshishino

Ngokubanzi, ukusebenza koqoqosho kwishishini loomatshini belaphu kwikota yesine nangowama-2021 kusajongene nemingcipheko emininzi kunye noxinzelelo. Ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane omtsha we-crown pneumonia, uqoqosho lwehlabathi lujongene nokwehla okukhulu koqoqosho. I-IMF iqikelela ukuba uqoqosho lwehlabathi luya kuncipha nge-4.4% ngo-2020. Ihlabathi lijongene notshintsho olukhulu olungabonakaliyo kwinkulungwane. Imeko yamazwe ngamazwe iya isiba nzima kwaye iguquguqukayo. Ukungaqiniseki kunye nokungazinzi kunyuke kakhulu. Siza kujongana noxinzelelo kwintsebenziswano ye-supply chain yehlabathi, ukwehla okukhulu kurhwebo notyalo-mali, ukulahleka okukhulu kwemisebenzi, kunye neengxabano ze-geopolitical. Linda uthotho lwemibuzo. Nangona imfuno yemarike yasekhaya neyehlabathi inyukile kwishishini leelaphu, ayikabuyeli kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, kwaye ukuzithemba kotyalo-mali kuphuhliso lwamashishini kusafuneka kubuyiselwe. Ukongeza, ngokwengxelo yamva nje yophando ekhutshwe yi-International Textile Federation (ITMF) ngoSeptemba kulo nyaka, echatshazelwe yi-bhubhane, ukuguquka kweenkampani ezinkulu zelaphu zehlabathi ngo-2020 kulindeleke ukuba kwehle ngomyinge we-16%. Kulindeleke ukuba kuthathe iminyaka eliqela ukuhlawula ngokupheleleyo ubhubhane omtsha we-crown. Ilahleko. Kule meko, ukulungiswa kwemarike kwishishini loomatshini belaphu kusaqhubeka, kwaye uxinzelelo kwimveliso nokusebenza kweshishini alukapheli.