Uphando lweenkampani zelaphu nezempahla ezili-199: Phantsi kwecoronavirus ubunzima obukhulu obujongene neenkampani!

Ngomhla we-18 ku-Epreli, i-National Bureau of Statistics ikhuphe uphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe kwikota yokuqala ka-2022. Ngokwezibalo zokuqala, i-GDP yaseTshayina kwikota yokuqala ka-2022 yayiyi-27,017.8 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, ukunyuka konyaka nge-4.8% ngamaxabiso angaguqukiyo. Ukunyuka kwekota nganye kwakuyi-1.3%. Izalathisi zedatha zizonke ziphantsi kunolindelo lwemarike, nto leyo ebonisa ukusebenza koqoqosho lwaseTshayina lwangoku.

Ngoku iTshayina ilwa nobhubhane ngamandla. Amanyathelo okuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane aqinileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo abe nefuthe elithile kuqoqosho. Amanyathelo ahlukeneyo athile aqalisiwe kwinqanaba likazwelonke ukukhawulezisa ukuqalisa kwakhona komsebenzi kunye nemveliso kunye nokunciphisa amakhonkco ezinto zokuhamba. Kumashishini eelaphu, ubhubhane wakutshanje uchaphazele kangakanani imveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini?

Kutshanje, iJiangsu Garment Association iqhube imibuzo eyi-199 kwi-intanethi malunga nempembelelo yobhubhane wakutshanje kwimveliso nokusebenza kwamashishini, kuquka: amashishini aphambili elaphu angama-52, amashishini empahla kunye neempahla ali-143, kunye namashishini ama-4 ezixhobo zelaphu kunye neempahla. Ngokophando, ama-25.13% emveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini "anciphe ngaphezu kwama-50%", ama-18.09% "anciphe ngama-30-50%", ama-32.66% "anciphe ngama-20-30%", kunye nama-22.61% "anciphe ngaphantsi kwama-20%" %, "akukho mpembelelo icacileyo" ibe yi-1.51%. Lo bhubhane unempembelelo enkulu kwimveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini, nto leyo efanelwe yingqwalasela kunye nengqwalaselo.

Phantsi kobhubhane, ubunzima obukhulu obujongene namashishini

Uphando lubonisa ukuba phakathi kwazo zonke iindlela, ezintathu eziphambili zezi: “iindleko eziphezulu zemveliso kunye nokusebenza” (73.37%), “ii-odolo zemarike ezincitshisiweyo” (66.83%), kunye “nokungakwazi ukuvelisa nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo” (65.33%). ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha. Ezinye zezi: “Kunzima ukuqokelela iiakhawunti ezifunyenweyo”, “Inkampani kufuneka ihlawule umonakalo ochithwe kuba ayinakukwazi ukwenza isivumelwano sentengiselwano ngexesha”, “Kunzima ngakumbi ukuqokelela imali” njalo njalo. Ngokukodwa:

(1) Iindleko zemveliso nokusebenza ziphezulu, kwaye ishishini linomthwalo onzima

Oku kubonakala kakhulu apha: ubhubhane ukhokelele ekuthintelweni kwezothutho kunye nezothutho, izinto eziluhlaza nezincedisayo, izixhobo, njl. azinakungena, iimveliso azinakuphuma, amaxabiso okuthutha anyuke nge-20%-30% nangaphezulu, kwaye amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza nezincedisayo nawo anyuke kakhulu; iindleko zabasebenzi ziye zanda unyaka nonyaka. Ukunyuka, ukhuseleko loluntu kunye nezinye iindleko ezinzima zinkulu kakhulu; iindleko zerenti ziphezulu, iivenkile ezininzi azisebenzi kakuhle, okanye zivaliwe; iindleko zokuthintela ubhubhane kwiinkampani ziyanda.

(2) Ukuncipha kwee-odolo zemarike

Iimarike zangaphandle:Ngenxa yokuphazanyiswa kwempahla kunye nothutho, iisampulu kunye neesampulu ezithunyelwa kubathengi azinakuhanjiswa ngexesha, kwaye abathengi abanakuqinisekisa ngexesha, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo ukulandelelana kweempahla ezinkulu. Iinoodles kunye nezixhobo azikwazanga ukungena, nto leyo ebangele ukuba iodolo iphazamiseke. Iimpahla azikwazanga ukuhanjiswa, kwaye iimveliso zazishiywe ixesha elide kwindawo yokugcina impahla. Abathengi babexhalabile kakhulu ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kweeodolo, kwaye iiodolo ezilandelayo nazo zachaphazeleka. Ngenxa yoko, inani elikhulu labathengi bamanye amazwe bayeka ukufaka iiodolo baza balinda bajonga. Iiodolo ezininzi ziya kudluliselwa eMzantsi-mpuma Asia nakwezinye iindawo.

Imarike yasekhaya:Ngenxa yokuvalwa nokulawulwa kobhubhane, ii-odolo azizange zizaliseke ngexesha, abathengi abangengabo abendawo babengenakukwazi ukutyelela inkampani ngokwesiqhelo, abasebenzi bezoshishino babengenakukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuthengisa ngokwesiqhelo, kwaye ukulahlekelwa ngabathengi kwakukubi kakhulu. Ngokuphathelele ukuthengisa, ngenxa yokuvalwa nokulawulwa okungacwangciswanga, iivenkile ezinkulu kunye neevenkile azikwazi ukusebenza ngokwesiqhelo, ukuhamba kwabantu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kuye kwehla, abathengi abanakuze batyale imali ngokulula, kwaye ukuhonjiswa kweevenkile kuyathintelwa. Bechaphazelekile ngubhubhane, abathengi baphuma besiya kuthenga rhoqo, imivuzo yehla, imfuno yabathengi yehla, kwaye imakethi yokuthengisa yasekhaya yayicotha. Intengiso kwi-intanethi ayinakuhanjiswa ngexesha ngenxa yezizathu zezothutho, nto leyo ebangele inani elikhulu lembuyekezo.

(3) Ayikwazi ukuvelisa nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo

Ngexesha lokuqhambuka kobhubhane, ngenxa yokuvalwa nokulawulwa, abasebenzi babengenakukwazi ukufika kwizikhundla zabo ngokuqhelekileyo, uthutho belungahambi kakuhle, kwaye bekukho iingxaki ekuthuthweni kwezinto eziluhlaza nezincedisayo, iimveliso ezigqityiweyo, njl.njl., kwaye imveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini bekumi ngxi okanye kumile kancinci.

Iinkampani ezingama-84.92% eziphandwe zibonise ukuba sele kukho umngcipheko omkhulu kwimbuyekezo yemali

Ukuqhambuka kobhubhane kuneempembelelo ezintathu ezinkulu kwiimali zokusebenza zamashishini, ikakhulu ngokubhekiselele kwimali yokuhlawula, ukuxhasa ngemali kunye namatyala: ama-84.92% amashishini athi ingeniso yokusebenza yehlile kwaye ukuhlawula imali yokuhlawula kuncinci. Ngenxa yemveliso engaqhelekanga kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini amaninzi, ukuhanjiswa kwee-odolo kuyalibaziseka, umthamo wee-odolo uyancitshiswa, ukuthengiswa kwi-intanethi nangaphandle kwe-intanethi kuyavalwa, kwaye kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wembuyekezo yemali; ama-20.6% amashishini awakwazi ukuhlawula imali mboleko kunye namanye amatyala ngexesha, kwaye uxinzelelo kwiimali luyanda; ama-12.56% amashishini Amandla okuxhasa ngemali yexesha elifutshane ahlile; ama-10.05% amashishini aneemfuno zemali ezinciphileyo; ama-6.53% amashishini ajongene nomngcipheko wokurhoxiswa okanye ukunqunyulwa.

Uxinzelelo luqhubekile ngaphandle kokuncipha kwikota yesibini

Iindaba ezimbi kumashishini eempahla zelaphu ziyavela kancinci kancinci

Ngokwembono yangoku, uxinzelelo olujongene namashishini empahla zelaphu kwikota yesibini yalo nyaka alukanciphi xa luthelekiswa nekota yokuqala. Kutshanje, amaxabiso amandla anyukile kwaye amaxabiso okutya anyuke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, amandla okuxoxisana kwempahla zelaphu neempahla abuthathaka, kwaye kunzima ukunyuka. Kunye nengxabano eqhubekayo phakathi kweRashiya ne-Ukraine kunye nokunyanzeliswa komthetho karhulumente wase-US wokuthintela ukungeniswa kweemveliso ezinxulumene neXinjiang, iingxaki kumashishini empahla zelaphu ziye zavela kancinci kancinci. Ukuqhambuka kwakutshanje kwamanqaku amaninzi kunye nokusasazeka kobhubhane kwenze imeko yokuthintela nokulawula kwikota yesibini neyesithathu ka-2022 yaba nzima kakhulu, kwaye impembelelo "yokucoca ngokuguquguqukayo" kumashishini empahla zelaphu ayinakuthathelwa ingqalelo.